How much do you know about the results of clinical biochemical and biomarker testing?

by 人生
October 4, 2021

Clinical research blood biochemical examination is the same as blood high sensitive troponin i routine and urine routine. It is a mandatory item for enterprises every year or through each physical examination. We can obtain some routine blood biochemical analysis indicators such as blood sugar, blood lipids, liver and kidney function from it.

Biomarkers reflect the functional status of organs and systems, such as the heart, kidney, and liver, or thrombotic markers, such as D-dimer, and inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein.

1. Name and combination

Different hospitals have different names of biochemical projects. Biochemical projects may not include all biochemical projects. Biochemical 21 may be a number, not necessarily 21 items.

According to the patient's condition, disease and subject requirements, the biochemical combination is also different. Some projects cover multiple diseases, while others are often specialized, such as projects that focus on liver disease or kidney disease, or projects that specifically focus on blood lipids.

For specific system diseases such as drug-induced liver damage companies or myocardial infarction, there is no need to repeatedly check the major biochemical or complete biochemical items to avoid unnecessary waste.

In the past, the so-called "myocardial infarction" (including troponin, myoglobin, and creatine kinase isoenzymes) was called "cardiac enzymes", but this is a misunderstanding. Troponin and myoglobin are not enzymes, only Creatine kinase isoenzyme is an enzyme.

2. Unit of measurement

Domestic inspection work items mostly use Chinese international economic units, such as mmol/L. For example, patients with high risk of coronary heart disease can require low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to be lowered to 1.8 mmol/L, which is equivalent Under a foreign development guide and the recommended 70mg/dL (U.S. unit).

If the biochemical indicators in the blood are very low, μMol/L is usually used. For example, the blood creatinine level is 120 μMol/L, which is equivalent to 1.36 mg/dl.

The original unit of troponin is μg/l, and high-sensitivity troponin can detect people whose normal level of troponin is as low as 1 to 5ng/l, so the unit of high-sensitivity troponin is changed to ng/l.

3. Reference range and critical value

The reference range or reference value is a statistical concept, which is the statistical value of most apparently healthy people's biochemical indicators, and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) is often used in clinical practice.

How much do you know about the results of clinical biochemical and biomarker testing and analysis?

For example, ldl-c 1.9-4.1 mmol/l means that 95% of people who appear to be healthy are within this range. The lower limit is 1.9 mmol/l and the upper limit is 4.1 mmol/l. Beyond this range, it may be Abnormal or clinically significant.

In particular, the reference value or reference range cannot be called a normal value.

The development of some enterprises and institutions uses upward or downward arrows (↑increase↓decrease) for indicators that are beyond the scope of the reference, and some marks are colored in different colors.

Troponin levels above the 99th percentile (cutoff value) of the normal reference range are diagnosed as myocardial injury. If it is caused by myocardial ischemia, it is diagnosed as myocardial infarction.